Czy płeć trenera wpływa na oceny propozycji szkolenia?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15678/PJOEP.2017.12.02Keywords:
dyskryminacja ze względu na płeć, płeć oceniającego, wiek oceniającego, ocena szkoleniaAbstract
W przeprowadzonym badaniu analizowano wpływ płci trenera, płci uczestnika, wieku i postrzeganej wagi certyfikatu na ocenę propozycji szkolenia. Uczestnicy oceniali identycznie opisaną propozycję szkolenia z trenerem mężczyzną (n = 60) lub kobietą (n = 65). Wyniki wykazały, że płeć trenera, płeć uczestnika i wiek wpływały na ocenę proponowanego kursu. Oceny badanych kobiet były dość egalitarne, podczas gdy oceny mężczyzn, szczególnie tych w relatywnie starszej grupie (powyżej 27 lat), ujawniały silne uprzedzenia związane z płcią w ocenie propozycji szkolenia.
References
Boring, A. (2017). Gender Biases in Student Evaluations of Teaching. Journal of Public Economics, 145, 27–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2016.11.006.
Bornmann, L., Mutz, R., Daniel, H. D. (2007). Gender Differences in Grant Peer Review: A Meta-analysis. Journal of Informetrics, 1, 226–238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2007.03.001.
Budden, A., Tregenza, T., Aarssen, L., Koricheva, J., Leimu, R., Lortie, C. (2008). Double-blind Review Favours Increased Representation of Female Authors. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 23, 4–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2007.07.008.
Cornelis, I., van Hiel, A., Roets, A., Kossowska, M. (2009). Age Differences in Conservatism: Evidence on the Mediating Effects of Personality and Cognitive Style. Journal of Personality, 77(1): 51–88. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2008.00538.xo.
Eagly, A. H. (1997). Sex Differences in Social Behavior: Comparing Social Role Theory and Evolutionary Psychology. American Psychologist, 50, 1380–1383 .https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.52.12.1380.b.
Eagly, A. H., Karau, S. J. (2002). Role Congruity Theory of Prejudice toward Female Leaders. Psychological Review, 109, 573–598. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.109.3.573.
Hancock, G. R., Shannon, D. M., Trentham, L. L. (1993). Student and Teacher Gender in Ratings of University Faculty: Results from Five Colleges of Study. Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education, 6(3), 235–248. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00125150.
Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression Based Approach. New York: Guilford Press.
Hayes, A. F. (2012). PROCESS: A Versatile Computational Tool for Observed Variable Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Modeling [White paper]. http://www.afhayes.com/public/process2012.pdf (date of access: 5.01.2017).
Heilman, M. E., Haynes, M. C. (2008). Subjectivity in the Appraisal Process: A Facilitator of Gender Bias in Work Settings. In: E. Borgida, S. T. Fiske (eds), Beyond Common Sense: Psychological Science in the Courtroom (pp. 127–155). Malden, MA: Blackwell.
Heilman, M. E., Block, C. J, Martell, R. F. (1995). Sex Stereotypes: Do They Influence Perceptions of Managers? Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 10, 237–252.
Hess, T. M. (2001). Aging-related Influences on Personal Need for Structure. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 25: 482–490.
Kahneman, D. (2012). Pułapki myślenia. O myśleniu szybkim i wolnym. Media Rodzina.
Kossowska, M., Jasko, K., Bar-Tal, Y. (2012). Need for Closure and Structuring among Younger and Older Adults. Polish Psychological Bulletin, 43, 40–49. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10059-012-0005-6.
Levinson, D. J., Darrow, C. M., Klein, E. B., Levinson, M. H., McKee, B. (1976). Periods in the Adult Development of Men: Ages 18 to 45. The Counseling Psychologist, 6(1), 21–25. https://doi.org/10.1177/001100007600600105.
MacNell, L., Driscoll, A., Hunt, A. N. (2015). What’s in a Name: Exposing Gender Bias in Student Ratings of Teaching. Innovative Higher Education 40(4), 291–303. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10755-014-9313-4.
Merton, R. K. (1948). The Self Fulfilling Prophecy. Antioch Review, 8(2), 193–210.
Moss-Racusin, C. A., Dovidio, J. F., Brescoll, V. L., Graham, M. J., Handelsman, J. (2012). Science Faculty’s Subtle Gender Biases Favor Male Students. PNAS Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 109(41), 16474–16479. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1211286109.
Rice, L., Barth, J. M. (2016). Hiring Decisions: The Effect of Evaluator Gender and Gender Stereotype Characteristics on the Evaluation of Job Applicants. Gender Issues, 33(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12147-015-9143.
Roberts, B. W., Mroczek, D. (2008). Personality Trait Change in Adulthood. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 17, 31–35. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8721.2008.00543.x.
Salthouse, T. (2012). Consequences of Age-related Cognitive Declines. Annual Review of Psychology, 63, 201–226. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100328.
Stanovich, K. E., West, R. F. (2000). Individual Differences in Reasoning: Implications for the Rationality Debate?, Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 23, 645–665. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X00003435.
Tannenbaum, S. I., Cannon-Bowers, J. A., Salas, E., Mathieu, J. E. (1993). Factors that Influence Training Effectiveness: A Conceptual Model and Longitudinal Analysis (Technical Report 93-011). Orlando, FL: Naval Training Systems Center.
Trope, Y., Liberman, N. (2010). Construal-level Theory of Psychological Distance. Psychological Review, 117(2), 440–463. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018963.
Wennerås, C., Wold, A. (1997). Nepotism and Sexism in Peer Review. Nature, 387, 341–343. https://doi.org/10.1038/387341a0.
Wortley, D. B., Amatea, E. S. (1982). Mapping Adult Life Changes: A Conceptual Framework for Organizing Adult Development Theory. The Personnel and Guidance Journal, 60, 476–8. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2164-4918.1982.tb00700.x
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authorship
The Author (Co-authors) declares that the submitted paper does not infringe on the third parties’ copyright, consents to submitting the paper to the reviewing procedure and introducing editorial changes in it, and conveys proprietary copyright to the paper free of charge to publisher for uses stipulated in paragraph 50 of the Polish Bill on Copyright and Related Rights of 4.02.1994, provided that the paper has been accepted for publication and published.
Conditions of use
The Publisher owns the proprietary copyright to all materials published in the journal. Articles are made available on the basis of non-exclusive Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 licence. The full text of the licence can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/legalcode, and its accessible summary a thttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/deed.en.
Posting the text in the repository, on the author’s homepage or other website is permitted on condition that it does not entail gaining material benefits and the text is equipped with full source documentation (including the title, volume, issue and internet address of the journal).
All those interested in using the materials published in the journal for commercial purposes are kindly requested to contact the Editors.
